High Productivity on a Breeding Farm in Belgium

朱春明

Wouter Seynaeve, a young Belgian pig farmer, described his very successful breeding unit at the latest JSR Technical Conference. Editor of ThePigSite, Jackie Linden, reports on the secrets of his unit's success. Wouter Seynaeve comes from a pig farming family. He studied for three years in general technical agriculture. This was followed by four years experience on a pig farm for a Belgium integrator, for which he was promoted to farm manager. He did this job for four years.

In 2004, he started to build his own unit for 480 sows. At the beginning of 2005, his first high health animals were delivered from JSR in the UK.

He achieves excellent results from his herd, and he shared some of the secrets of his success at the 2008 JSR Technical Conference.

Wouter Seynaeve

Mr Seynaeve started with some background information about the pig industry in Belgium. With a human population of 11 million, Belgium has 6900 pig farms with a total of 6.3 million pigs, including 480,000 sows. They rear, on average, 23 pigs per year. Average daily gain from 23 kg is 680 grammes. Thanks to a high proportion of Pietrain boars - around 90 per cent of terminal sires - lean meat percentage averages 60-61.
The Pali Group Pig UnitThe virtual tour of the farm started with the quarantine unit, which has places for 60 gilts. The aim is for the gilts to become familiar with the gestation feeding system over the 6 to 14-week period that they stay in quarantine.

Biosecurity is given a high priority on the farm. At the entrance to the unit are a shower and facilities for a complete change of clothing. The cool room for semen storage is also in this area.

The serving area has 111 stalls with automatic feeders and a front corridor for the teaser boar. For maximum stimulation, the lighting level is intense and the lactation diet is fed at a high level.

During gestation, the sows and gilts are moved to one of four pregnancy units with 360 places. There is a self-feeding system, operated by electronic ear tags, according to one of eight or ten different feeding curves. The sows were pregnancy-tested twice during this period to ensure they are in pig.

In the two farrowing houses have a total of 90 places (80 in the main room and 10 in smaller room nearby). There is under floor heating, automatic feeding and an option ventilation system that sows can operate for themselves.

The farm has three weaner compartments – one with 250 places and another two with 1000 places each. There is an automatic feeding system using up to three different feeds. There are facilities for heating to 30 or 31°C. The high temperature is required because the piglets are weaned early.

Other facilities at the site are heating, feeding, office with computer control, climate control and a weighing area.
Management SystemOne of the first of its type in Belgium, the whole farm is based on a four-week cycle: week 1, serving; week 2, farrowing; week 3, delivering piglets and week 4, weaning. The herd is effectively split in five groups: three in lactation, one in the serving area and one in the farrowing department. Weeks 1, 2 and 4 have a higher demand for labour, while week 3 has a lower work load. This enables the whole farm to be managed by just Mr Seynaeve himself, with some help from his father, who also manages the fattening unit.

The main advantage of the system, says Mr Seynaeve, is that it is easy to organise the labour force, while giving the opportunity to bring in less skilled workers for jobs such as cleaning. At just 0.5 hours per piglet, labor use is highly efficient. By weaning at 21 days, the farrowing index is high.

The working system also allows close concentration on each task, which is an important advantage. The four-week cycle makes it easier to achieve and maintain a high health status in the herd. "If the weaners are healthy, the whole unit is healthy," says Mr Seynaeve.

Finally, construction costs are kept to a minimum by this system. It is particularly important to get maximum use from the farrowing area, which is the most expensive to construct.

The greatest disadvantage of the system identified by Mr Seynaeve is the requirement for high husbandry skills to manage a unit weaning at just three weeks of age. Furthermore, peak labour demand can be very high, especially carrying out 100 servings or farrowing 90 litters within a few days. As Mr Seynaeve says, inseminating the last five sows in the group requires the same level of attention as the first five.

To show just how efficient his system is, Mr Seynaeve presented some data comparing the costs and returns of a system with a one-week cycle and his with 4 weeks.
[table=500][tr][td=3,1]Comparison of efficiency of using farrowing crates in a one- and four-week systems[/td][/tr][tr][td] [/td][td]One-week cycle[/td][td]Four-week cycle[/td][/tr][tr][td]No. of farrowing crate required in theory[/td][td]75[/td][td]60[/td][/tr][tr][td]Litter per crate per year[/td][td]10.4[/td][td]13.0[/td][/tr][tr][td]Percentage occupancy[/td][td]90[/td][td]98[/td][/tr][tr][td]Piglets weaned per litter[/td][td]10.5[/td][td]10.5[/td][/tr][tr][td]Piglets produced per year[/td][td]7371[/td][td]8026[/td][/tr][tr][td]Cost per crate per piglet per year,

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比利時養(yǎng)殖生產(chǎn)......？Wouter Seynaeve來自養(yǎng)豬場家庭。他學(xué)習(xí)了三年的一般技術(shù)農(nóng)業(yè)。其次是四年經(jīng)驗為比利時積分養(yǎng)豬,他被提升到農(nóng)場經(jīng)理。他做這工作了四年。